{"id":86008,"date":"2026-03-14T14:45:14","date_gmt":"2026-03-14T14:45:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/green-athens.gr\/?p=86008"},"modified":"2026-03-23T08:43:02","modified_gmt":"2026-03-23T08:43:02","slug":"ophiopogon-japonicus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/green-athens.gr\/en\/ophiopogon-japonicus\/","title":{"rendered":"Dwarf lilyturf"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row unlock_row_content=&#8221;yes&#8221; row_height_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;3&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;3&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;3&#8243; back_image=&#8221;86670&#8243; kburns=&#8221;yes&#8221; overlay_color=&#8221;color-742106&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;80&#8243; overlay_color_blend=&#8221;multiply&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; top_divider=&#8221;fan-opacity&#8221; bottom_divider=&#8221;gradient&#8221; changer_back_color=&#8221;yes&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;198059&#8243; overlay_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221; row_name=&#8221;title&#8221;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;80&#8243; position_horizontal=&#8221;left&#8221; position_vertical=&#8221;middle&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; style=&#8221;dark&#8221; font_family=&#8221;font-156269&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; align_medium=&#8221;align_left_tablet&#8221; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; align_mobile=&#8221;align_left_mobile&#8221; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; zoom_width=&#8221;0&#8243; zoom_height=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;183356&#8243;][vc_message css_animation=&#8221;zoom-in&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;951451&#8243; message_color_type=&#8221;uncode-solid&#8221; message_color_solid=&#8221;rgba(91,210,234,0.68)&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Dwarf lilyturf, mondograss, fountainplant, monkeygrass<\/span><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_message][uncode_list larger=&#8221;small&#8221; icon=&#8221;fa fa-tree&#8221; icon_color=&#8221;color-xsdn&#8221; css_animation=&#8221;top-t-bottom&#8221; animation_delay=&#8221;800&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;198620&#8243; icon_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221;]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>Scientific name: <strong><em> Ophiopogon japonicus<\/em> (Thunb.) Ker Gawl.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Common name: <strong>Dwarf lilyturf, mondograss, fountainplant, monkeygrass<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Order: <strong>Asparagales<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Family: <strong>Asparagaceae<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Genus: <em><strong>Ophiopogon<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>Endemic: <strong>No<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Origin: <strong>Asia<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Global distribution: <strong>The species is native to China, Japan, Korea, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam, and is also cultivated in various other countries<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Distribution in Greece: <strong>Cultivated exclusively as an ornamental plant<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Altitudinal range: <strong>200 &#8211; 2800 m<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/uncode_list][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; back_color=&#8221;color-xsdn&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;100&#8243; equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; style=&#8221;inherited&#8221; row_name=&#8221;infos&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;143868&#8243; back_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; position_vertical=&#8221;middle&#8221; align_horizontal=&#8221;align_center&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; column_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;4&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; css_animation=&#8221;zoom-in&#8221; zoom_width=&#8221;0&#8243; zoom_height=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;965594&#8243;][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][vc_accordion no_toggle=&#8221;yes&#8221; typography=&#8221;advanced&#8221; sign=&#8221;plus&#8221; sign_size=&#8221;sm&#8221; label_border=&#8221;yes&#8221; content_border=&#8221;yes&#8221; gutter_simple=&#8221;0&#8243; titles_font=&#8221;font-804447&#8243; titles_size=&#8221;fontsize-922434&#8243; titles_weight=&#8221;700&#8243; titles_height=&#8221;fontheight-161249&#8243; active_tab=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;924928&#8243;][vc_accordion_tab gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; column_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; title=&#8221;Ecosystem&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1771584718601-2-81771656793597&#8243; slug=&#8221;ecosystem&#8221;][vc_column_text text_lead=&#8221;small&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;194969&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It grows in shady, moist soils of lowland areas, on foothills and slopes, along streams, in herbaceous forests, dense shrubs, ravines, and steep rocks, typically in tropical climates.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][\/vc_accordion_tab][vc_accordion_tab gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; column_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; title=&#8221;Botanical description&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1771591735451-3-81771656793597&#8243; slug=&#8221;description&#8221;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_column_text text_lead=&#8221;small&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;544900&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">(height, leaf arrangement, leaf shape, root system)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is an evergreen, perennial plant with a maximum height of 30 cm, forming a turf-like mat. The leaves are dark green, linear, 20\u201340 cm long, and about 0.5 cm wide. Underground, the species has tuberous roots.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][\/vc_accordion_tab][vc_accordion_tab gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; column_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; title=&#8221;Reproduction&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1771591801014-4-11771656793597&#8243; slug=&#8221;reproduction&#8221;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_column_text text_lead=&#8221;small&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;137136&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">(flowering period, flowers, seeds)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The flowers are arranged in a raceme inflorescence. Each inflorescence contains 10 to 15 bell-shaped flowers, about 1 cm in diameter. The flowers have 6 petals and range in color from pale lilac to white, partially hidden within the foliage. They are borne on a stem 10\u201335 cm long. The fruits resemble berries, are violet-colored, and are less than 1 cm wide. Each fruit contains up to 6 seeds, which are round to elliptical, about 4 mm long.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][\/vc_accordion_tab][vc_accordion_tab gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; column_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; title=&#8221;Noteworthy characteristics&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1771591901860-5-01771656793597&#8243; slug=&#8221;characteristics&#8221;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_column_text text_lead=&#8221;small&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;127990&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The genus Ophiopogon comes from the Greek words \u201c\u1f44\u03c6\u03b9\u03c2\u201d (ophis) meaning snake and \u201c\u03c0\u03ce\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u201d (p\u014dg\u014dn) meaning beard. The species epithet \u201cjaponicus\u201d refers to its natural habitat, Japan.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][\/vc_accordion_tab][vc_accordion_tab gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; column_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; title=&#8221;Historical information&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1669205767-1-841771656793597&#8243; slug=&#8221;history&#8221;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;151656&#8243;][vc_column_text text_lead=&#8221;small&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;119228&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The use of Ophiopogon japonicus as a medicinal plant is recorded in the ancient Chinese text Shen Nong&#8217;s Materia Medica (Shennong Bencaojing), a compilation of oral traditions written between the 1st and 2nd centuries CE during the Han Dynasty. The species is widely cultivated in East Asia, primarily in China (notably in the provinces of Sichuan and Zhejiang), Japan, and Korea. In Chinese and Japanese culture, it is regarded as a symbol of modesty and resilience, due to its durability and slow, steady growth. It is often used in Japanese gardens, bonsai, and traditional floral arrangements.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][\/vc_accordion_tab][vc_accordion_tab gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; column_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; title=&#8221;Uses&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1669206843531-5-01771656793597&#8243; slug=&#8221;uses&#8221;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_column_text text_lead=&#8221;small&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;277945&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In traditional Chinese medicine, the roots of Ophiopogon japonicus are used to nourish yin, promote the production of bodily fluids, moisturize the lungs, calm the mind, and counteract the sensation of &#8220;heart heat.&#8221; Its leaves and tubers have long been consumed, as they are believed to soothe coughs, dry throats, and digestive disorders. Generally, the plant is applied for the prevention and treatment of acute and chronic inflammations, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and other conditions. The main bioactive compounds are steroidal saponins and polysaccharides, which support its traditional uses and justify its role as a medicinal plant. Today, Ophiopogon japonicus is included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (as \u201cMaidong\u201d), the European Pharmacopoeia, and Hong Kong\u2019s standards of Chinese pharmacology. It is used both traditionally and in modern clinical applications, including supportive therapies for COVID-19 and studies on anticancer activity. Additionally, it is cultivated as an ornamental plant, providing excellent ground cover. The species is salt-tolerant and can even be grown as a submerged aquatic plant for short periods.<\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>(Note: Ethnobotanical data regarding the medicinal uses of plants must be handled with caution, and their application should be carried out exclusively under medical supervision)<\/strong><\/span><\/em>.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][\/vc_accordion_tab][vc_accordion_tab gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; column_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; title=&#8221;References&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1771600746693-6-41771656793597&#8243; slug=&#8221;references&#8221;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_column_text text_lead=&#8221;small&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;175607&#8243; el_class=&#8221;micro-text&#8221;]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>https:\/\/powo.science.kew.org\/taxon\/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:429781-1<\/li>\n<li>https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ophiopogon_japonicus<\/li>\n<li>https:\/\/www.nparks.gov.sg\/florafaunaweb\/flora\/8\/5\/8542<\/li>\n<li>Chen, M., Chen, X., Wang, M., Lin, L., &amp; Wang, Y. (2016). <em>Ophiopogon japonicus<\/em>\u2014A phytochemical, ethnomedicinal and pharmacological review. <em>Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 181<\/em>, 193\u2013213. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2016.01.037\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2016.01.037<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Fan, Y., Ma, X., Ma, L., Zhang, J., Zhang, W., &amp; Song, X. (2015). Antioxidative and immunological activities of ophiopogon polysaccharide liposome from the root of <em>Ophiopogon japonicus<\/em>. <em>Carbohydrate Polymers, 135<\/em>, 110\u2013120. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carbpol.2015.08.089\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carbpol.2015.08.089<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Fang, J., Wang, X., Lu, M., He, X., &amp; Yang, X. (2018). Recent advances in polysaccharides from <em>Ophiopogon japonicus<\/em> and <em>Liriope spicata<\/em> var. <em>prolifera<\/em>. <em>International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 114<\/em>, 1257\u20131266. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.022\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.022<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Liu, Q., Lu, J., Hong, H., Yang, Q., Wang, Y., &amp; Chen, X. (2023). <em>Ophiopogon japonicus<\/em> and its active compounds: A review of potential anticancer effects and underlying mechanisms. <em>Phytomedicine, 113<\/em>, Article 154718. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154718\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154718<\/a>&gt;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_accordion_tab][\/vc_accordion][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row unlock_row_content=&#8221;yes&#8221; row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;5&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;4&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;4&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;100&#8243; equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; style=&#8221;inherited&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;103155&#8243; back_color_type=&#8221;uncode-solid&#8221; back_color_solid=&#8221;#ffeece&#8221; row_name=&#8221;epoxes&#8221;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; position_vertical=&#8221;middle&#8221; align_horizontal=&#8221;align_center&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; column_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;4&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; zoom_width=&#8221;0&#8243; zoom_height=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;192322&#8243;][vc_custom_heading text_color=&#8221;color-jevc&#8221; text_font=&#8221;font-804447&#8243; text_size=&#8221;fontsize-922434&#8243; text_space=&#8221;fontspace-781688&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;132784&#8243; text_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221;]During each season you will see:[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][vc_row_inner row_inner_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;130855&#8243;][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; align_horizontal=&#8221;align_center&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;152585&#8243;][vc_custom_heading text_color=&#8221;color-jevc&#8221; heading_semantic=&#8221;h3&#8243; text_font=&#8221;font-804447&#8243; text_size=&#8221;&#8221; text_space=&#8221;fontspace-781688&#8243; sub_lead=&#8221;yes&#8221; sub_reduced=&#8221;yes&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;237218&#8243; text_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221; subheading=&#8221;Leaves&#8221;]SPRING[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; align_horizontal=&#8221;align_center&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;232205&#8243;][vc_custom_heading text_color=&#8221;color-jevc&#8221; heading_semantic=&#8221;h3&#8243; text_font=&#8221;font-804447&#8243; text_size=&#8221;&#8221; text_space=&#8221;fontspace-781688&#8243; sub_lead=&#8221;yes&#8221; sub_reduced=&#8221;yes&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;211077&#8243; text_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221; subheading=&#8221;Leaves,<br \/>\nflowers&#8221; text_color_solid=&#8221;#ff0000&#8243;]SUMMER[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; align_horizontal=&#8221;align_center&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;198814&#8243;][vc_custom_heading text_color=&#8221;color-jevc&#8221; heading_semantic=&#8221;h3&#8243; text_font=&#8221;font-804447&#8243; text_size=&#8221;&#8221; text_space=&#8221;fontspace-781688&#8243; sub_lead=&#8221;yes&#8221; sub_reduced=&#8221;yes&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;998713&#8243; text_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221; text_color_solid=&#8221;#ff0000&#8243; subheading=&#8221;Leaves,<br \/>\nfruit&#8221;]AUTUMN<br \/>\n[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; align_horizontal=&#8221;align_center&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; 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